Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe

Featured in: Cozy Breakfasts

Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe is a timeless Roman dish that combines just three main ingredients—spaghetti, Pecorino Romano cheese, and freshly cracked black pepper—into an elegantly creamy sauce. The magic happens when hot pasta water emulsifies with finely grated cheese, creating a luxurious coating that clings to every strand. This vegetarian dish comes together in 25 minutes, making it perfect for weeknight dinners. The key to success is working quickly when adding cheese and using quality Pecorino Romano for authentic flavor.

Updated on Sun, 18 Jan 2026 15:25:00 GMT
Freshly grated Pecorino Romano coats al dente spaghetti in this classic Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe, served with extra black pepper.  Pin
Freshly grated Pecorino Romano coats al dente spaghetti in this classic Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe, served with extra black pepper. | cinnamonnest.com

The first bowl I ever ate in Rome was nothing like I expected. No tomatoes, no basil, no garlic—just pasta, cheese, and pepper. I watched the chef work in silence, tossing spaghetti in a wide pan with nothing but starchy water and grated Pecorino, and somehow it became this glossy, creamy miracle. That night changed how I thought about cooking entirely.

I made this for my sister after she came home from a long shift at the hospital. She sat at the counter, exhausted, and I handed her a bowl without saying much. Halfway through, she looked up and said it tasted like comfort in the simplest form. Thats exactly what Cacio e Pepe is—unassuming, direct, and somehow deeply satisfying.

Ingredients

  • Spaghetti (400 g): The long strands are traditional and grab the sauce beautifully, but any pasta shape with good surface area works if thats what you have on hand.
  • Pecorino Romano cheese (120 g, finely grated): This is the soul of the dish—salty, tangy, and sharp. Grate it fresh right before you cook, and never use the pre-grated stuff or it wont melt properly.
  • Freshly cracked black pepper (2 tsp, plus extra): Toasting it in the pan wakes up its flavor and adds a warm, aromatic depth that makes the whole dish come alive.
  • Salt: You need it for the pasta water, but go easy since Pecorino is already quite salty.

Instructions

Boil the Pasta:
Bring a large pot of salted water to a rolling boil and add the spaghetti. Cook it until just al dente, then scoop out a full cup of that starchy pasta water before you drain—it's the secret to a silky sauce.
Toast the Pepper:
While the pasta cooks, warm a large skillet over low heat and add the black pepper. Let it toast for a minute or two until it smells warm and fragrant, but dont let it burn.
Build the Base:
Pour about half a cup of the reserved hot pasta water into the skillet with the toasted pepper. Let it simmer gently and create a peppery broth.
Toss the Pasta:
Add the drained spaghetti directly into the skillet and toss it around so every strand gets coated in that peppery water. The pasta should look glossy and alive.
Add the Cheese:
Turn the heat to the lowest setting, then gradually sprinkle in the grated Pecorino while tossing constantly. Add more pasta water a splash at a time until the cheese melts into a creamy, clinging sauce instead of clumping.
Serve Hot:
Plate immediately and finish with extra grated Pecorino and a few more cracks of black pepper. This dish waits for no one.
A close-up of Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe reveals a creamy, peppery sauce clinging to perfectly twirled pasta strands.  Pin
A close-up of Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe reveals a creamy, peppery sauce clinging to perfectly twirled pasta strands. | cinnamonnest.com

One evening, I served this to a friend who claimed she didnt like simple food. She took one bite, paused, and admitted she was wrong. Sometimes the most unfussy dishes teach us that flavor doesnt need to shout to be memorable.

Choosing Your Cheese

Pecorino Romano is traditional and brings that sharp, salty punch that defines Cacio e Pepe. If you cant find it or want something milder, Parmigiano Reggiano works, though the flavor will be nuttier and less assertive. I once used a blend of both when I ran low on Pecorino, and it turned out beautifully balanced.

Getting the Sauce Just Right

The key is controlling the heat and adding pasta water slowly. The sauce should look loose and glossy in the pan because it will thicken as it cools on the plate. If it gets too thick, add another splash of pasta water and toss again. I learned this the hard way after serving a batch that turned dry and clumpy within seconds.

Serving and Pairing

Cacio e Pepe is best eaten immediately, straight from the pan to the bowl. It doesnt hold well, so make it when everyone is ready to eat. A crisp white wine like Vermentino or Pinot Grigio cuts through the richness perfectly.

  • Serve with a simple arugula salad dressed in lemon and olive oil.
  • Pair with crusty bread to soak up any sauce left in the bowl.
  • Finish with fresh fruit or a light sorbet to cleanse the palate.
Steaming bowls of Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe highlight the simple elegance of Roman pasta, ready to be enjoyed immediately. Pin
Steaming bowls of Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe highlight the simple elegance of Roman pasta, ready to be enjoyed immediately. | cinnamonnest.com

This dish reminds me that cooking doesnt have to be complicated to be exceptional. Keep good ingredients on hand, respect the technique, and youll have something worth sharing every single time.

Recipe FAQ

Why does my Cacio e Pepe sauce become clumpy?

Clumping occurs when cheese is added too quickly or to water that's too hot. Add cheese gradually while stirring vigorously, and maintain a gentle heat. Tempering the cheese with reserved pasta water prevents it from seizing up.

Can I use Parmigiano Reggiano instead of Pecorino Romano?

Yes, Parmigiano Reggiano works as a substitute and provides a milder, less salty flavor. The sauce will be slightly less intense, but still delicious. For best results, use freshly grated cheese rather than pre-grated varieties.

How do I achieve the perfect creamy sauce?

The sauce forms through emulsification of cheese and starchy pasta water. Reserve generous amounts of cooking water, add cheese gradually while tossing constantly, and adjust consistency by adding more water as needed. The starches in the water help create that silky texture.

What wine pairs well with this dish?

Crisp white wines like Vermentino or Pinot Grigio complement the rich, peppery sauce beautifully. The acidity cuts through the cheese's richness and balances the heat from the black pepper.

Can I prepare this dish ahead of time?

Cacio e Pepe is best served immediately after cooking. The sauce continues to set as it cools, so prepare all ingredients beforehand, then cook and assemble just before serving for optimal creaminess.

How much black pepper should I use?

Two teaspoons of freshly cracked pepper creates balanced flavor for four servings. However, adjust to your preference—this dish celebrates pepper's character. Toast it briefly before adding water to enhance its aromatic qualities.

Spaghetti Cacio e Pepe

Classic Roman pasta tossed with Pecorino Romano cheese and black pepper. Silky, savory, and ready in 25 minutes.

Prep duration
10 min
Cooking duration
15 min
Total duration
25 min

Category Cozy Breakfasts

Difficulty Easy

Origin Italian

Yield 4 Servings

Dietary requirements Vegetarian

Ingredients

Pasta

01 14 oz spaghetti

Cheese & Spices

01 1 cup Pecorino Romano cheese, finely grated
02 2 teaspoons freshly cracked black pepper, plus extra for serving

Others

01 Salt for pasta water

Directions

Step 01

Prepare Pasta: Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add spaghetti and cook until al dente. Reserve 1 cup of pasta cooking water before draining.

Step 02

Toast Black Pepper: In a large skillet over low heat, toast black pepper for 1 to 2 minutes until fragrant.

Step 03

Create Pepper Base: Add 1/2 cup of reserved hot pasta water to the skillet with pepper and let it simmer.

Step 04

Combine Spaghetti: Add drained spaghetti to the skillet and toss to coat in the peppery water.

Step 05

Emulsify Cheese Sauce: Gradually sprinkle in Pecorino Romano while tossing and stirring vigorously until cheese melts and creates a creamy sauce. Add more reserved pasta water as needed for silky texture.

Step 06

Plate and Serve: Serve immediately, topped with additional Pecorino Romano and freshly cracked black pepper.

Necessary tools

  • Large pot
  • Skillet or large sauté pan
  • Cheese grater
  • Tongs or pasta fork

Allergy information

Review ingredients carefully for potential allergens and consult with a healthcare provider if you're uncertain.
  • Contains wheat (gluten)
  • Contains milk (cheese)
  • Verify cheese labels for vegetarian suitability if required

Nutritional information (per serving)

These values are approximate guidelines only and shouldn't replace professional medical advice.
  • Calories: 460
  • Fat: 13 g
  • Carbs: 66 g
  • Protein: 19 g